Pular para o conteúdo principal

Investigação preliminar da composição micelial e potencial antimicrobiano de fungos endofíticos da erva-de-passarinho amazônica Cladocolea micrantha (Eichler) Kuijt (Loranthaceae)

Revista Fitos

As espécies de fungos endofíticos Gignardia mangiferae, Paecilomyces clavisporus e Pestalotiopsis guepinii foram isoladas dos tecidos das folhas e caules da planta medicinal Cladocolea micrantha (Loranthaceae), coletada em Manaus, Amazonas. Após replicação, os organismos endofíticos foram fermentados em meio líquido de cultura, e as biomassas miceliais foram filtradas e secas. Após filtração, os sobrenadantes e os extratos metanólicos dos micélios foram testados in vitro contra os microorganismos patogênicos Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, e Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pelos ensaios de microdiluição de Unidade Formadora de Colônia e Alamar Blue. Os três primeiros tiveram o crescimento inibido entre 77 – 88% pelo fermentado de G. mangiferae e P. clavisporus. Outros resultados de inibição indicaram que os extratos dos fungos apresentaram potencial contra os organismos Gram-positivos. O crescimento de E. faecalis foi moderadamente inibido (22 – 42%) pela maioria dos extratos e nenhuma amostra foi eficaz contra M. tubeculosis. As frações solúveis foram evaporadas e submetidas a um fracionamento seqüencial por solventes de polaridade crescente. As análises das frações menos polares pelos métodos cromatográficos rotineiros levaram à caracterização da presença incomum dos álcoois triterpênicos α- e β-amirina, assim como das cetonas correspondentes α- e β-amirona, juntamente com ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados C16-C18. Já os esteróis comuns, ergosteróis ou sitosteróis, não foram detectados. A preferência biossintética dos organismos endofíticos pela produção de triterpenos sugere uma estratégia competitiva para se estabelecerem na planta hospedeira.

DOI
10.32712/2446-4775.2009.99
Identificação
Referências do artigo
ALBERTS, A.W.; CHEN, J.; KURON,G.; HUNT, V.; HUFF, J.; HOFFMAN, C.; ROTHROCK, J.; LOPEZ, M.; JOSHUA, H.; HARRIS, E.; PATCHETT, A.; MONAGHAN, R.; CURRIE, S.; STAPLEY, E.; SCHONBERG, G.-A.; HENSENS, O.; Hirshfield, J.; Hoogsteen, K.; Liesch, J.; Springer, J. Mevinolin: a highly potent competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and a cholesterollowering agent. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v.77, n.7, p.3957-3961, 1980 ANISIMOV, M.M.; SHCHEGLOV, V.V.; STRIGINA, L.I.; CHETYRINA, N.S.; UVAROVA, N.I.; OSHITOK, G.I.; ALAD’INA, N.G.; VECHERKO, L.P.; ZORINA, A.D.; MATYUKHINA, L.G.; SALTYKOVA, I.A. Chemical structure and antifungal activity of a number of triterpenoids. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, v.6, n.4, p.464-468, 1979. ANISIMOV, M.M. Triterpene glycosides and the structural-functional properties of membranes. Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly. Biologicheskie Nauki, v.10, p.49-63, 1987. ARNOLD, A.E; MEJÍA, L.C.; KYLLO, D; ROJAS, E.I.; MAYNARD, Z.; ROBBINS, N.; HERRE, E.A. Fungal endofhytes limit pathogen damage in tropical tree. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of States of America, v.100, n.26, p.15649-15654, 2003. AZEVEDO, J.L.; MACCHERONI, J.R.W.; PEREIRA, J.O.; ARAÚJO DE, W.L. Endophytic Microorganisms: a review on insect control and recent advances on tropical plants. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, v.3, n.1, p.40-65, 2000. BAAYEN, R.P.; BONANTS, P.J.M.; VERKLEY, G.; CARROLL, G.C.; VAN DER AA, H.A.; WEERDT, M. DE; VAN BROUWERSHAVEN, I.R.; SCHUTTE, G.C.; MACCHERONI JR.,W.; GLIENKE DE BLANCO,C.; AZEVEDO, J.L. Nonpathogenic Isolates of the Citrus Black Spot Fungus, Guignardia citricarpa, Identified as a Cosmopolitan Endophyte of Wood Plants, G. mangiferae (Phyllosticta capitalensis). Phytopathology, v.92, n.5, p.464-477, 2002. BOREL, J.-F. Immunological Properties of cyclosporine (Sandimmune) in Advances in Immunopharmacology. Eds.: L. Chedid, J. W. Hadden, F. Spreafico, P. Dukor, D. Willoughby, vol. 3. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1986. BUDZIKIEWICZ H.; WILSON J.M.; DJERASSI, C. Mass Spectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems. XXXII. Journal of American Chemical Society, v.85, p.3688-3699, 1963. BURNETTE, J.M. Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon, Mellon College of Science, Pittsburg, PA. The Structure and Function of the Cell Membrane, 2009. (http://telstar.ote.cmu.edu/biology/downloads/membranes/index.html) Accesso em 14/02/2009. COLLINS, L.A.; FRANZBLAU, S.G. Microplate Alamar Blue Assay versus BACTEC 460 System for High-Throughput Screening of Compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, v.41, n.5, p.1004-1009, 1997. DREYFUSS M.M.; CHAPELA, I.H. Potential of fungi in the discovery of novel, low-molecular weigh pharmaceuticals. In: The Discovery of Natural products with Therapeutic Potential, VP Gullo Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, MA, 1994, p. 49-80. DREYFUSS, M.; HÄRRI, E.; HOFMANN, H.; KOBEL, H.; PACHE, W.; TSCHERTER, H. 1976. Cyclosporin A and C New Metabolites from Trichoderma polysporum (Link ex Pers.) Rifai. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, v.3, p.125-133, 1976. FERRARA, M.A. Fungos Endofíticos. Potencial para a Produção de Substâncias Bioativas. Revista Fitos, v.4, n.1, p.73-79, 2008. GE, H.M.; SHEN, Y.; ZHU, C.H.; TAN, S.H.; DING, H.; SONG, Y.C.; TAN, R.X. Penicidones A-C, three cytotoxic alkaloidal metabolites of an endophytic Pennicilium sp. Phytochemistry, v.69, p.571-576, 2008. GEALT, M.A. Isolation of β-amyrin from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Journal of General Microbiology, v.129: p.543-546, 1983. GILMAN, A.G.; GOODMAN, L.S.; RALL, T.W.; MURAD, F. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics Macmillan, New York, 1985. p.1298-1299. GRIFFTHS, K.M.; BACIC, B.J.; HOWLETT, B.J. Sterol composition of mycelia of the plant pathogenic ascomycete Leptosphaeria maculans. Phytochemistry, v.62, p.147-153, 2003. GUIMARÃES, A.C. Aspectos etnobotânicos e químicos da família Loranthaceae e Viscaceae: potencialidades terapêuticas das ervas-de-passarinhos parasitas. Revista Fitos, v.2, n.1, p.27-47, 2006. HARPER, J.K.; ARIF, A.M.; FORD, E.J.; STROBEL, G.A.; PORCO, J.J.A.; TOMER, D.P.; O’NEILL, K.L.; HEIDER, E.M.; GRANT, D.M. Pestacin: a 1,3-dihydro isobenzofuran from Pestalotiopsis microspora possessing antioxidant and antimycotic activities. Tetrahedron, v.59, p.2471-2476,2003. KOGEL, K.-H.; FRANKEN, P.; HÜCKELHOVEN, R. ENDEOPHYTE OR PARASITE - WHAT DECIDES? Current Opinion in Plant Biology, v.9, p.358-363, 2006. KUSARI, S.; ZUHLKE, S.; SPITELLER, M. An endophytic fungus from Camptotheca acuminate that produces camptothecin and analogues. Journal of Natural Products, v.72, n.1, p.2-7, 2009. LEE, J.; LOBKOVSKY, E.; PLIAM, N.B.; STROBEL, G.A.; CLARDY, J. Subglutinols A and B: Immunosuppressive compounds from the endophytic fungus Fusarium subglutinans. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, v.60, n.22, p.7076-7077, 1995. LEE, J.; YANG, X.; SCHWARTZ, M.; STROBEL, G.A.; CLARDY, J. The relationship between the rarest tree in North America and an endophytic fungus. Chemistry and Biology, v.2, p.721-727, 1995. LI, J.Y.; HARPER, J.K.; GRANT, D.M.; TOMBE, B.O.; BASHYAL, B.; HESS, W.M.; STROBEL, G.A. Ambuic acid, a highly functionalized cyclohesenone with antifungal activity from Pestalotiopsis spp and Monochaetia sp. Phytochemistry, v.56, p.463-468, 2001. LI, J., STROBEL, G.A.; HARPER, J.; LOBKOVSKY, E.; CLARDY, J. Cryptocin, a potent tetramic acid antimycotic from the endophytic fungus - Cryptosporiopsis quercina. Organic Letters, v.2, p.767-770, 2000. LI, L.; SATTLER, I.; DENG, Z.; GROTH, I.; WALTHER, G.; MENZEL, K.-D.; PESCHEL, G.; GRABLEY, S.; LIN, W. A-secooleane-type triterpenes from Phomopsis sp. (strain HKI0458) isolated from the mangrove plant Hibiscus tiliaceus. Phytochemistry, v.69, p.511-517, 2008. MONAGHAN, R.L.; POLSHOOK, J.D.; PECORI, V.J.; BILLS, G.F.; NALLIN-OMSTEAD, M.; STREICHER, S.I. Discovery of novel secondary metabolites from fungi - it is really a random walk trough a random forest. Canadian Journal of Botany, v.73(S1), p.925-931, 1995. NES, W.D.; HEFTMANN, E.A. Comparison of triterpenoids with steroids as membrane components. Journal of Natural Products, v.44, p.377-400, 1981. PETRINI, O.; SIEBER, T.N.; TOTI, L.; VIREL, O. Ecology, metabolite production, and substrate utilization in endophytic fungi. Natural Toxins, v.1, p.185-196, 1992. POPOV, A.M.; ANISIMOV, M.M.; IVANOV, A.S.; KOREPANOVA, E.A.; ANTONOV, V.F. Characteristics of membrane activity of triterpene glycosides. Antibiotiki, v.27, n.4, p.276-280, 1982. RAVIRAJA, N.S. Fungal endophytes in five medicinal plant species from Kudremukh Range, Western Ghats of India. Journal of. Basic Microbiology, v.45, p.230-235, 2005. REHM, H.-J. Industrielle Mikrobiologie, vol. 2, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1980. SAIKKONEN, K.; WÄLI, P.; HELANDER, M.; FAETH, S.H. Evolution of endophyte-plant symbioses. Trends in Plant Science, v.9, n.6, p.275-280, 2004. SAWAI, K.; OKUNO, T.; TERADA, Y.; HARADA, Y.; SAWAMURA, K., SASAKI, H.; TAKAO, S. Isolation and Properties of Two Antifungal Substances from Fusarium solani. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, v.45, n.5, p.1223-1228, 1981. SCHULZ, B.; BOYLE, C.; DRAEGER, S.; RÖMMERT, A.-K.; KROHN, K. Endophytic fungi: a source of novel biologically active secondary metabolites. Mycological Research, v.106, n.9, p.996-1004, 2002. SHCHEGLOV, V.V.; BARANOVA, S.I.; ANISIMOV, M.M.; ANTONOV, A.S.; AFIIATULLOV, SHSH. Antimicrobial action spectrum of triterpene and steroid glycosides. Antibiotiki, v.24, n.4, p.270-273, 1979. SOHRAB H.M. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Secondary Metabolites from Endophytic Fungi and the Plant Prismatomeris tetrandra and Synthesis of (+)-Ochromycinone. Fakultät Naturwissenschaften der Universität Paderborn, Germany, PhD Thesis, 2005. Disponível em: http://deposit.ddb.de/cgibin/dokserv?idn=976583038&dok_var=d1&dok_ext=pdf&filename=976583038.pdf STAHL E. Thin Layer Chromatography, 2nd Ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1969. STROBEL G.; FORD, E.; WORAPONG, J.; HARPER, J.K.; ARIF, A.M.; GRANT, D.M.; FUNG, P.C.W.; CHAU, R.M.W. Isopestacin, an isobenzofuranone from Pestalotiopsis microspora, possessing antifungal and antioxidant activities. Phytochemistry, v.60, p.179-183, 2002. STROBEL, G.; DAISY, B. Bioprospecting for Microbial Endophytes and their Natural Products. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, v.67, p.491-502, 2003. STROBEL, G.; DAISY B.; CASTILLO, U.; HARPER, J. Natural Products from Endophytic Microorganisms. Journal of Natural Products, v.67, p.257-268, 2004. STROBEL, G.; DAISY, B.; CASTILLO; U. The Biological Promise of Microbial Endophytes and Their Natural Products. Plant Pathology Journal, v.4, p.161-176, 2005. STROBEL, G.A.; MILLER, R.V.; MILLER,C.; CONDRON, M.; TEPLOW, D.B.; HESS, W.M. Cryptocandin, a potent antimycotic from the endophytic fungus Cryptosporiopsis cf. quercina. Microbiology, v.145, p.1919-192, 1999. STURTZ, A.V.; CHRISTIE, B.R.; MATHESON, B.G.; ARSENAULT, W.J.; BUCHANAN, N.A. Endophytic bacterial communities in the periderm of potato tubers and their potential to improve resistance to soil-borne plant pathogens. Plant Pathology, v.48, p.360-369, 1999. TEJESVI, M.V.; NALINI, M.S.; MAHESH, B.; PRAKASH, H.S.; KINI, K.R.; SHETTY, H.S.; SUBBIAH, V. New hopes from Tejesvi endophytic fungal secondary metabolites. Boletín de la Sociedad Química de Mexico, v.1, n.1, p.19-26, 2007. WAGNER, H.; BLADT, S.; ZGAINSKI, E.M. Drogen analyse. Berlin: Springer Verlag. 1983, p.304. XU, M.; GESSNER, G.; GROTH, I.; LANGE, C.; CHRISTNER, A.; BRUHN, T.; DENG, Z.; LI, X.; HEINEMANN, S.H.; GRABLEY, S.; BRINGMANN, G.; SATTLER, I.; LIN, W. Shearinines D-K, new indole triterpenoids from an endophytic Penicillium sp. (strain HKI0459) with blocking activity on large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Tetrahedron, v.63, p.435-444, 2007. YOUNG, D.H.; MICHELOTTI, E.L.; SWINDELL, C.S.; KRAUSS, N.E. Antifungal properties of taxol and various analogues. Experientia, v.48, p.882-885, 1992.
Publicado por (Instituto)