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Genotoxicidade e estresse oxidativo induzidos por microplásticos de poliestireno em células de cólon humano: uma revisão sistemática

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Introdução: A exposição humana a microplásticos de poliestireno (PS-MPs) pela dieta é uma preocupação crescente, porque seus efeitos no epitélio intestinal, incluindo estresse oxidativo e genotoxicidade, permanecem controversos. Objetivo: Avaliar e sintetizar evidências in vitro sobre esses desfechos em linhagens celulares de cólon humano. Método: Revisão sistemática conforme PRISMA, com buscas em PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, resultando em dez estudos incluídos. Resultados: Os PS-MPs associaram-se a respostas de estresse celular, com aumento de espécies reativas de oxigênio e com modulação de marcadores antioxidantes e parâmetros mitocondriais. Evidências de genotoxicidade concentraram-se em estudos com partículas funcionalizadas (carboxiladas), enquanto exposições com partículas prístinas frequentemente não mostraram dano significativo ao DNA. Conclusões: A síntese indica perturbação redox em células intestinais expostas a PS-MPs, enquanto a genotoxicidade não se apresentou como efeito consistente nas condições avaliadas, portanto permanecendo dependente de características da partícula e do desenho analítico.
DOI
10.22239/2317-269X.02552
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